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Homepage Vesuvius 79 AD Laki Fissure 1783

Plume of Mt. Pinatubo 1991 eruption (Dave Harlow, USGS)

Volcanic Particle Settling in the Atmosphere

The speed at which a particle settles in the atmosphere is called the terminal settling velocity (V) and approaches a constant value as a result of the balance between the acceleration due to gravity and the atmospheric drag force.

Stokes' Law

For simple spheres this speed can be calculated using Stokes' Law. Drag the mouse over the terms in the equation below to learn more about them.

How Fast Do They Fall?

Place your mouse over any the particles below to see how fast they would fall through the atmosphere (~10 km height).

5 cm

1 cm

0.1 cm

0.01 cm

Terminal settling velocity =